What Does Mass Mean in Chemistry

Mass is the property which reflects the quantity of matter within a sample. Mass usually is reported in grams (g) and kilograms (kg). Mass  may also be considered to be the property of matter that gives it a tendency to resist acceleration. The more mass an object has, the harder it is to accelerate it. Mass vs. Weight The weight of an object depends on its mass, but the two terms dont mean the same thing. Weight is the force exerted on mass by a gravitational field: W mg where W is weight, m is mass, and g is acceleration due to gravity, which is about 9.8 m/s2 on Earth. So, weight is properly reported using units of kg ·m/s2 or Newtons (N). However, since everything on Earth is subject to about the same gravity, we usually drop the g part of the equation and just report weight in the same units as mass. Its not correct, but it doesnt cause problems... until you leave Earth! On other planets, gravity has a different value, so a mass on Earth, while having exactly the same mass on other planets, would have a different weight. A 68 kg person on Earth would weigh 26 kg on Mars and 159 kg on Jupiter. People are used to hearing weight reported in the same units as mass, but you should realize mass and weight are not the same and dont actually have the same units.

The Five Best Inaugural Addresses of the 1800s

Analysis Questions of Microeconomics Example

Essays on Analysis Questions of Microeconomics Article ï » ¿Analysis Questions of Microeconomics Microeconomics focuses on how the household and firms maximize the use of scarce resources. This branch of economics includes discussion on the supply theory, demand theory, trade off, and rent. Other related topics include scarcity, rents, profits, and the financial environment of business, and the firm’s cost and output determination. The study of microeconomics improves the decision making process. Article 1 Production Output and Financial Environment of Business Microeconomics dictates that companies are force to charge their goods and services a price that will be able to recuperate the costs and expenses of producing the products and services. In addition, the company sells its products and services at a price that will also generate profits. According to the New York Times article U.S. Economy Grew at 2% Rate in Third Quarter, the financial environment of business shows that tens of thousands are unemployed for close to two years due to retrenchment1. The economy is characterized as having a high unemployment rate and foreclosures in the Midwest and West regions of the United States. The unemployment rate reduces the jobless people’s purchasing power. The business establishments will have to close down due to bankruptcy. This will precipitate to a slowdown in the local economy. The business establishments cannot hire workers to produce the goods and service due to the decline in the demand for their products and services. The total cost of production includes all costs incurred to produce the goods (Miller ). The costs are divided into fixed costs and variable costs. As the production of goods increases, the fixed cost total remains the same. On a per quantity basis, the fixed cost per unit is reduced because the total fixed cost remains the same but the number of units produced increases. On the other hand, a reduction in the quantity produced increases in terms of fixed costs per unit. Article 2 Supply and Profits theory In the New York Times news article G.M. ‘Officially’ Introduces 2011 Chevrolet Volt Amid Controversy, General Motors has come up with its latest car model. The 2011 model is electrically powered. The company showcases the new model in many car shows and other display centers. The news focuses on the microeconomic theory of supply and demand, demand for the G.M. Cars. Microeconomics focuses on the individual parts of the economy (Miller ). The parts include the household, the firm, demand, supply, and prices of goods and services. The theory of supply and demand assumes that the buyers and sellers are free to offer and bid for the prices of goods and services. Under the demand theory of microeconomics (Miller ), the buyer would increase one’s demand for the products if the prices are reduced. On the other hand, the buyer will decrease one’s demand for the products if the prices are rising. General Motors is selling the new brand to drum up enough customer support to buy its latest car mode. The company can reduce its variable cost by removing part time workers. The supply theory of microeconomics dictates that the suppliers will produce more goods if the prices of products and service will increase. On the other hand, the decrease in the prices of goods will force the supplier to reduce the production of the goods. This occurs when the prices are not high enough to recuperate the sellers’ daily expenses and generate profits (Miller ). General motors will produce enough units because it likes the current selling price2. Article 3 Scarcity The New York Article Putting a Different Kind of Urban Decline to Use states that a $30,000,000 contraption has been constructed in Michigan. The contraption is a big slide that entices thousands of people to descent into the low –lying center of Grand Rapids, Michigan to try to forget the pressures of the daily grind of office and city life. The promoters are building the world’s longest inflatable water slide. The slide is about 500 feet long stretches three block through Lyon Street Hill. The slide will carry the participants or clients to a height of 100 feet. The slide is a two -day affair. The story focuses on the microeconomic theory of scarcity3. The people will surely patronage this unique offer. The microeconomic situation of scarcity (Miller )occurs in some environments. The scarcity of a good will cause an increase in the selling prices. On the other hand, an abundance of a previously scarce resource will cause a reduction in the products selling price. Scarcity may occur because there are not enough resources or products found or manufactured to supply the high demand for the product. The slide is the only one in Michigan State indicating a monopoly. Some companies may choose to abandon production of a product that has a low selling price due to its abundance in the market to venture into the production of another product that has a higher selling price because of its scarcity. This is what the slide’s owner, Rob Bliss, a 21-year-old maestro of social media Scarcity may come in different terms. Article 4 Trade off and Demand Theory The article Lionsgate Says MGM Deal Saves it $100 Million a Year states that Lionsgate will purchase Metro Goldwyn Mayer movie studios. The demand (Miller ) for the purchase would save $100 million a year in overhead expenses and increase cash flows by more than $120 million distributed over five years. The variable and fixed cost savings will be generated by the laying off of 174 employees. This is in line with the Lionsgate Company’s reduction of its employees by 17 percent. MGM, the producer of many popular films like James Bond, had failed to pay its interest payments to its creditors. MGM begged off from paying its maturing $4 billion debt since October due to the large decline in the movie ticket sales brought by the continuing unemployment rate and closure of many business establishments4. The decline in movie ticket sales is due to the microeconomic theory of trade off (Miller ). The fans have more time to go to the movies because they are unemployed. However, the unemployed are not in the mood to spend money to visit the movies because they are often penniless. In microeconomic parlance, the person has to make a wise trade off. The worker is caught between working and leisure. An increase in the work schedule will reduce leisure time. An increase in the leisure time will reduce work hours. An increase in work hours will increase the worker’s purchasing power quantified in terms of money. Here, the unemployed person has more time for leisure since one has no work to report to. BRIEFLY, microeconomics centers on the household’s and firm’s maximization of scarce resources. The first article focuses on production output and financial environment of business. The second article expounds on the supply theory and profits theory. Article three discusses scarcity. The last article focuses on the theories of trade off and demand theory. Indeed, the study of microeconomics improves the decision making process. Cited Works Miller, R., Economics Today The Micro View 15th edition U.S. Economy Grew at 2% Rate in Third Quarter, retrieved November 1, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/30/business/economy/30econ.html?_r=1scp=1sq=product%20demand%20newsst=cse G.M. ‘Officially’ Introduces 2011 Chevrolet Volt Amid Controversy, retrieved November 1, 2010 http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/11/g-m-officially-introduces-2011-chevrolet-volt-amid-controversy/?scp=6sq=general%20motorsst=cse Putting a Different Kind of Urban Decline to Use, retrieved November 1, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/22/us/22rapids.html?ref=michigan Lionsgate Says MGM Deal Saves it $100 Million a Year, retrieved November 1, 2010 http://dealbook.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/26/lionsgate-says-mgm-merger-would-save-100-million/?scp=4sq=cash%20flowst=cse

The GPS Technology Sample Essay Example For Students

The GPS Technology Sample Essay Throughout clip people have developed a assortment of ways to calculate out their place on Earth and to voyage from one topographic point to another. Early seamans relied on angular measurings to heavenly organic structures like Sun and stars to cipher their location. The 1920s witnessed the debut of more advanced technique-radio navigation-based at first on wirelesss that allowed sailing masters to turn up the way of shore-based senders when in scope. Later development of unreal orbiters made possible the transmittal of more precise. line of sight wireless pilotage signals and sparked a new epoch in pilotage engineering. Satellites are foremost used in place determination in a simple but dependable 2D Navy system called Transit. This laid the basis for a system that would subsequently revolutionise pilotage for ever-the Global Positioning System. The Global Positioning System ( GPS ) is a orbiter based pilotage system. The construct of GPS was introduced by the United States Department of Defense ( DoD ) . It is in the twelvemonth 1994 that the GPS was wholly developed. The GPS is developed to supply uninterrupted. extremely precise places. speed and clip information to the land. sea. air and infinite based users. The purpose of system is to utilize a combination of land Stationss. revolving orbiters and particular receiving systems to supply pilotage capablenesss to virtually everyone. at any clip. anyplace in the universe. regardless of conditions conditions. THE GPS SEGMENTS The Space Segment The infinite sections. besides known as orbiter section. consist of 24 operational orbiters go arounding about Earth in 6 orbital planes about 600 GPS orbiters are non geosynchronous. First orbiter was launched in the twelvemonth 1978. The orbiters take about 12 hours to revolve Earth. These orbiters revolve the Earth in a round form with an inclined orbit. Out of the 24 orbiters 21 are working orbiters and the staying 3 orbiters will be in standby. In the event of a satellite failure. one of the trim infinite vehicles can be moved in to its topographic point utilizing modern propulsion and counsel system. Each orbiter circles the Earth twice every twenty-four hours at an height of 20. 200 kilometres. At a clip 5 to 8 orbiters can be viewed by the user. there by guaranting world-wide coverage. The information from three orbiters is needed to cipher a navigational unit’s horizontal location on Earth’s surface ( 2D-Reporting ) . but information from four orbiters enables a receiving system to find its height ( 3D-Reporting ) . Each orbiter contains a Cesium Atomic Clock and all these redstem storksbills will be synchronized and are accurate within a few nanoseconds. The Control Segment The GPS control section ( CS ) . called the Operational Control System ( OCS ) . includes all the fixed locations ground-based proctor Stationss located throughout the universe. a Master Control Station ( MCS ) and the up-link senders. The proctor Stationss are merely GPS receiving systems that track the orbiters as they pass overhead and accumulate ranging and ephemeris informations from them. This information is relayed to the Master Control Station. These land Stationss around the universe are responsible for supervising the flight waies of the GPS orbiters and synchronising the satellite’s onboard atomic redstem storksbills. This information is relayed to MCS where it is processed and compares the existent orbiter place with the GPS computed place. The MCS receives informations from the proctor Stationss in existent clip 24hrs a twenty-four hours. and uses that information to find if any orbiter are sing clock or ephemeris alteration and to observe malfunctions. Correction ss are done and so it is uploaded to the orbiters twice per twenty-four hours by the uplink aerial. The User Segment The GPS user section consists of all the GPS receiving systems and the user community. Initially the GPS service was available for military intent merely. But in 1980 the Government of United States made the GPS service available to civilians besides. The Fig 2. 3 shows a GPS receiving system. GPS receiving systems convert signals received from infinite vehicles into place. speed and clip estimations. The GPS pilotage set contains antennae. receiving system. information processor and a show unit. The orbiter signals are farther processed by informations processor of the pilotage set to demodulate the informations and so decrypt it to acquire the user’s 3D place co-ordinates. The GPS receiving systems are used for pilotage. placement. air power. transportation. geology and other intents. Time and Stress Management EssayNavigation System For the Navigation intents GPS receiving systems are used in autos. airplanes. ships and even infinite vehicles. The Fig 5. 2 shows a GPS system used in autos. The current location of the vehicle and the route maps will be displayed on an LCD screen. Thus the shortest way to the finish can be selected. This is used in Aviation intents to cognize the exact location of the plane and its distance from the different ports. Automatic pilot system is based on this engineering. This is besides used by crewmans and other sail ships to cognize their place in sea. The infinite vehicles ( SV ) besides use this GPS to cognize their current locations. Tracking The way through which a individual or a vehicle moves can be traced easy utilizing this GPS. So it is used in Shipping and Aviation purposes to cognize the way of the vehicle. Its tracking installation is used in industrial applications to cognize the procedures through which the merchandise moves. The speed of the vehicle can besides be calculated. Miliatry Purpose GPS is used in military for puting the marks and steering the missiles. During the war period. military utilizations this engineering to cognize the places of their forces and their motions in the war part. Airplanes like F-16. B2 Bomber. KC-135 Arial refuelers make usage of this engineering. Missiles like Toma-Hawk are guided utilizing GPS to destruct the marks. When a state uses the GPS guided missiles against an enemy. it is possible for the enemy state to turn up some of the points in its flight by doing usage of its ain GPS. Using these points the existent flight can be manipulated and location from which the missile was fired could be predicted. There is a good opportunity that this location would be a military base. Fig 5. 4 shows GPS guided missile. Public Safety The GPS engineering is used to assist the people in instance of exigencies. When an exigency call is made by a individual. the call is automatically forwarded to a public-safety replying point ( PSAP ) . besides called an exigency call centre. When the call is answered. the call centre operator is provided with automatic location information ( ALI ) . nailing the exact place of the call. The PSAP will give information to the nearby deliverance operation squad and therefore makes the rescue operations fast. Time Synchronization Many synchronism systems use GPS as a beginning of accurate clip ; therefore one of the commonest applications of this usage is that of GPS as a mention clock for clip codification generators. For case. when deploying detectors ( for seismology or other monitoring application ) . GPS may be used to supply each entering setup with some precise clip beginning. so that the clip of events may be recorded accurately. For geographically spread Stationss. the clip synchronism is done utilizing the GPS. Decision Though originally designed to assist US Forces around the universe to turn up marks and travel rapidly. it is now being used across the universe. from mountain climbers mounting up Mount Everest to sail boats traveling in to oceans. Its maps have been extended to over positioning. tracking. mapping etc. GPS’s future seems secure. Its biggest push now is the Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) enhanced 911 authorizations. The new cell phones will be enabled with GPS. GPS receiving systems in future will be able to give truth up to 5mm. there is still room for betterment for GPS. as it does so. we will happen it being used more and more in our day-to-day lives. to the point where it would be difficult to execute many travel and industry undertakings without it.